Dharampal Singh, 72, was out collecting pieces of dry wood when the animals began raining rocks on him in Tikri, Uttar Pradesh, on Thursday.
Mr Singh died in hospital after sustaining head and chest injuries, the Times of India reports.
Brother of the deceased, Krishnapal Singh, said: "Monkeys threw more than 20 bricks at Dharampal on Thursday.
"Thrown from quite a height, the bricks were enough to kill him.
But now his family have lodged a formal complaint to the police, naming the monkeys as the accused in the case.
Mr Singh's brother continued: "These rogue monkeys are the real culprits and must pay for it.
"We have given a written complaint against the monkeys but the police don't seem to be convinced enough."
The local chief of police, Chitwan Singh, responded to pressure from the deceased's family in disbelief.
He said: "How can we register the case against monkeys?
"This will make us a laughing stock! I don't think it is a logical demand.
"We are were informed of the bizarre accident and registered it in our case diary after which a post-mortem was also conducted."
Deadly attacks by monkeys have been on the rise throughout the country, with wildlife experts pointing the finger at rhesus macacque monkeys.
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